Inositols are important molecules in promoting female fertility and in sustaining physiological pregnancy. Myo-inositol, a major form of Inositol, has an established role in human physiology. Myo-inositol represents the most abundant inositol isomer in humans, and it is commonly found in almost every tissue, particularly in brain, blood, fat, kidney, lung, ovaries, and testes, where it participates in several cellular pathways,
Inositol (Myo-inositol) as second messenger of gonadotropins and insulin, it guarantees the correct development of oocytes and the progression of embryogenesis. Available evidence demonstrates that the supplementation with Inositol (Myo-inositol) enhances the probability of achieving pregnancy and reduces the onset of adverse maternal effects and neonatal outcomes. Specifically, in the pursuit of pregnancy, Inositol (Myo-inositol) proved to induce ovulation and restore the physiological menstrual cycle in infertile women, particularly in those with Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Moreover, Inositol (Myo-inositol) supplementation is also useful for women undergoing Assisted reproductive technology (ART), improving oocyte and embryo quality. During pregnancy, Inositol (Myo-inositol) reduces the risk of altered metabolic conditions like Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), which may lead to miscarriages or stillborn babies. In addition, Inositol (Myo-inositol) seems to reduce the risk of Neural tube defects (NTDs) in folate-resistant women.